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Jacobite Risings were a series of
Conflicts between 1689 and 1746 with 3
major Uprisings.
Jacobite's were people that fought
to have the Catholic Stuart's restored
to the throne of Great Britain, mainly
from Highland Clans.
The Risings were over the British
Parliament trying to prevent Catholic
Stuart's reigning as Kings of Great
Britain.
England had been at war with
Catholic France for centuries, so the
British Parliament did not want a
Catholic King that was friendly with
France.
1689 - King James II Stuart was
overthrown by his Protestant daughter
Mary and her husband to be William, who
became Mary II and William II. James
was accused of being a Catholic with
close ties to France. He was the last
Monarch in Britain accused of having
Catholic beliefs.
This set off the first Jacobite
Rising as supporters of James tried to
have him restored to the throne. James
fled to France in 1690, ending that
Uprising.
1714 - the Death of Queen Anne
Stuart led to her Protestant German
cousin George I being proclaimed King
by the English Parliament. This led to
the Second Jacobite Rising as the
Jacobite's wanted the Catholic James
Francis Stuart to become King. This
Uprising ended in 1716 with James
fleeing to France.
1740s - the Catholic Charles Edward
Stuart, son of James Francis Stuart,
was living in France while England was
fighting a number of wars throughout
the world. This led to the French
persuading him to start another
Jacobite Rising with their support.
France wanted a Catholic King in Great
Britain so as to prevent the ongoing
wars between England and France.
1745 - Charles Edward Stuart
traveled from France to Glenfinnan in Scotland to
start the Third Jacobite Rising. This
Rising ended in 1746 with the defeat of
the Jacobite's at the Battle of Culloden. Charles
fled to France after the battle. This
was the end of the Jacobites.
The British Government built a
series of Military Roads throughout the
Highlands of Scotland and a number of
Forts to prevent more Risings. They
also banned Highland Gatherings and the
Wearing of Kilts.
Many Highlanders were forced from
their land to make way for large scale
Sheep & Crop Farming, leading to
some moving to Coastal Villages for
Fishing, and some to the Cities.
Herring
Fishing around Scotland grew
dramaticaly from this time as people
only needed small inexpensive boats to
get started.
A large number of Highlanders were
also forced to relocate to America and
Canada.
1783 - America gained Independence
from Great Britain through the American
Revolutionary War, ending Britain
sending people to America.
1788 - Britain began Populating
Australia, including Criminals sent to
Penal
Colonies in Australia, with many
claiming they had been fitted up for
things like Sheep Steeling. A way of
clearing out trouble makers and
providing cheep labour in Australia.
Children were also deported
to work, normally Orphans, or from
families that could not afford to keep
them, some with their parents consent,
and some without, just picked up off
the street.
Interesting Facts that led to the
Jacobite's
1517 - Preaching's by the German
Philosopher Martin Luther led to the
Christian Religion splitting into
Catholic and Protestant. Protestant
Churches would then have the Head of
their County as as Head of their
Churches instead of the Pope in
Rome.
1524 - England turned to
Protestantism with King Henry VIII
becoming head of the English
Churches.
1560 - Scotland adopted
Protestantism.
1603 - James VI Stuart becomes King
of England and Scotland, head of
Churches in both countries.
1638 - many Scots signed the
National Covenant to prevent the Stuart
Kings from being head of their
Churches. These Scots only accepted
Jesus Christ as head of their Churches.
These activists were referred to as
Covenanters with their actions setting
off a series of wars over Religion such
as the Bishops Wars, Wars of the Three
Kingdoms, English Civil War, and
Jacobite Risings.
1689 to 1746 - Jacobite Risings were
mainly supported by Clans in the North
of Scotland. Some Clans changed sides
over the years, and some had family
fighting on both sides.
Clans would have their Estates and
Castles taken from them if they were on
the side that lost, so often changed
sides.
Clan Campbell was one of the most
powerful Clans in Scotland. They
normally supported the King and
Government during the Covenanter and
Jacobite Risings.
1692 - Robert Campbell of Glenlyon
commanded the troops that massacred
about 38 members of the Jacobite
MacDonald Clan at Glencoe.
1746 - after the final defeat of the
Jacobites, the King took control of the
Estates and Castles of many Jacobite
Clans. In earlier times, most of these
Estates would have been awarded to
loyal Clans, but these Estates were
sold to the Highest Bidder.
Extensive Information
1689
Jacobite Rising . 1715 Jacobite
Rising
1745
Jacobite Rising . Covenanters
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