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Jacobite Risings were a series of
Conflicts between 1689 and 1746 with 3
major Uprisings.
Jacobite's were people that fought to
have the Catholic Stuart's restored to
the throne of Great Britain, mainly from Highland Clans.
The Risings were over the British
Parliament trying to prevent Catholic
Stuart's reigning as Kings of Great
Britain.
England had been at war with
Catholic France for centuries, so the
British Parliament did not want a
Catholic King that was friendly with
France.
1689 - King James II
Stuart was overthrown by his Protestant
daughter Mary and her husband to be
William, who became Mary II and William
II. James was accused of being a Catholic with close ties to France. He was the last Monarch
in Britain accused of having Catholic beliefs.
This set off the first Jacobite
Rising as supporters of James tried to
have him restored to the throne. James
fled to France in 1690, ending that
Uprising.
1714 - the Death of Queen Anne
Stuart led to her Protestant German cousin George
I being proclaimed King by the English
Parliament. This led to the Second
Jacobite Rising as the Jacobite's
wanted the Catholic James Francis
Stuart to become King. This Uprising
ended in 1716 with James fleeing to
France.
1740s - the Catholic Charles Edward Stuart, son
of James Francis Stuart, was living in
France while England was fighting a
number of wars throughout the world.
This led to the French persuading him
to start another Jacobite Rising with
their support. France wanted a Catholic
King in Great Britain so as to prevent
the ongoing wars between England and
France.
1745 - Charles Edward Stuart
traveled from France to Scotland to
start the Third Jacobite Rising. This
Rising ended in 1746 with the defeat of
the Jacobite's at the Battle of Culloden. Charles
fled to France after the battle.
The British Government built a
series of Military Roads throughout the
Highlands of Scotland and a number of
Forts to prevent more Risings. They
also banned Highland Gatherings and the
Wearing of Kilts.
Many Highlanders were forced from
their land with some moving to the
Cities and others to America and Canada.
A large number of Highlanders were forced to relocate to America and Canada, or deported to Australia after being convicted of crimes.
Interesting Facts that led to the
Jacobite's
1517 - Preaching's by the German
Philosopher Martin Luther led to the
Christian Religion splitting into
Catholic and Protestant. Protestant
Churches would then have the Head of
their County as as Head of their
Churches instead of the Pope in
Rome.
1524 - England turned to
Protestantism with King Henry VIII
becoming head of the English
Churches.
1560 - Scotland adopted
Protestantism.
1603 - James VI Stuart becomes King
of England and Scotland, head of
Churches in both countries.
1638 - many Scots signed the
National Covenant to prevent the Stuart
Kings from being head of their
Churches. These Scots only accepted
Jesus Christ as head of their Churches.
These activists were referred to as
Covenanters with their actions setting
off a series of wars over Religion such
as the Bishops Wars, Wars of the Three Kingdoms, English Civil War,
and Jacobite Risings.
1689 to 1746 - Jacobite Risings were
mainly supported by Clans in the North
of Scotland. Some Clans changed sides
over the years, and some had family
fighting on both sides.
Clans would have their Estates and
Castles taken from them if they were on
the side that lost, so often changed
sides.
Clan Cambell was one of the most
powerful Clans in Scotland. They
normally supported the King and
Government during the Covenanter and
Jacobite Risings.
1692 - Robert Campbell of Glenlyon
commanded the troops that massacred
about 38 members of the Jacobite
MacDonald Clan at Glencoe.
1746 - the King took control of the
Estates and Castles of many Jacobite
Clans. In earlier times, most of these
estates would have been awarded to
loyal Clans, but these Estates were
sold to the highest bidder.
Extensive Information
1689
Jacobite Rising . 1715 Jacobite
Rising
1745
Jacobite Rising . Covenanters
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